Bits of Cuban History

RÉVOLUTION DANS LA RÉVOLUTION? (“Revolution in the revolution?”)

A 144-page book, by French Marxist Régis Debray, subtitled lutte armée et lulte politique (“armed fight and political fight”) published in 1967, simultaneously in Paris and Havana, which elaborated Fidel Castro’s doctrine of the period, emphasizing guerrilla warfare. Not only are orthodox Communist theory and leadership – which insist on the guiding role of the party and …

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Rationing

The Marxist demand economy system adopted after the Revolution of 1959 created numerous supply problems and productivity decreased. When the accumulated reserves of the old regime had been exhausted and stocks were not replaced, store shelves emptied. Years of scarcity followed the period of affluence. In April 1962, rationing was introduced: a shock, as this …

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MISSILE CRISIS

After the April 1961 failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion and the poor impression John Kennedy made on Nikita Khrushchev at their June 1961 meeting in Vienna, the Soviet Union felt it could upgrade its economic and military involvement in Cuba without provoking a strong US reaction. By mid-1962, it had introduced nuclear-capacity bombers and nuclear …

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Movimiento Veintiseis de Julio (26th July Movement)

Name given to Fidel Castro’s revolutionary cause, adopted from the date of his ill-fated 1953 attack on the Moncada barracks in Santiago de Cuba.  He began the movement in prison, and after his 1955 release he traveled in the United States and Mexico seeking funds for it. His forces sailed from Mexico to Oriente province in …

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PRESIDENTIAL PALACE ATTACK

A combined assault on the Presidential Palace, March 13, 1957, by the Directorio Revolucionario and members of the Partido Revolucionario Cubano (Auténtico) in an attempt to kill President Batista. Most of the attackers, including their leader Carlos Gutiérrez Menoyo, were killed after their reinforcements had failed to arrive, and their failure, in turn, doomed the associated seizure of Radio …

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Bogotazo

A series of riots (looting, arson, police station bombings and c3,000 deaths) that took place in Bogotá, Colombia, following the April 9, 1948, murder of the popular Liberal Party leader Jorge Eliécer Gaitán and the assassin’s lynching by an angry mob. Argentine President Juan Domingo Perón, seeking to establish an anti-imperialist Latin American Student Union …

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